(1) Standard consistency of material

干拌砂漿按具體的設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)用水量加水混合后，按規(guī)定方法攪拌均勻。以此判斷材料的性能，是否達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求。方法原理是抹灰砂漿的濕砂漿對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試桿(或試錐)的沉入具有一定阻力，通過試驗(yàn)濕砂漿的沉入度，確定砂漿的基本性能是否符合出廠要求。

The dry mixed mortar shall be mixed with water according to the specific design standard water consumption, and then mixed evenly according to the specified method. So as to judge whether the performance of the material meets the design requirements. The method principle is that the wet mortar of plastering mortar has a certain resistance to the sinking of standard test rod (or test cone). By testing the sinking degree of wet mortar, determine whether the basic performance of mortar meets the factory requirements.

(2)砂漿保水性

(2) Water retention of mortar

砂漿混合物能夠保持水分的能力稱為保水性。保水性也指砂漿中各項(xiàng)組成材料不易分離的性質(zhì)。

The ability of mortar mixture to retain water is called water retention. Water retention also refers to the property that the constituent materials in the mortar are not easy to separate.

(3)分層度

(3) Stratification degree

砂漿的保水性是用分層度表示的。攪拌均勻的砂漿靜置30min后，上下層砂漿沉入量的差值，稱為分層度。

The water retention of mortar is expressed by layering degree. The difference between the upper and lower mortar settlement after the evenly mixed mortar is left standing for 30min is called delamination.

(4)砂漿的流動(dòng)性

(4) Fluidity of mortar

砂漿的流動(dòng)性也叫稠度，是指在自重或外力作用下 流動(dòng)的性能。施工時(shí)，砂漿鋪設(shè)在粗糙不平的磚石表面上，要能很好地鋪成均勻密實(shí)的砂漿層，抹面砂漿要能很好地抹成均勻薄層，采用噴涂施工需要泵送砂漿，都要求砂漿具有一定的流動(dòng)性。砂漿的流動(dòng)性和許多因素有關(guān)，膠凝材料的用量、用水量、砂粒粗細(xì)、形狀、級(jí)配，以及砂漿攪拌時(shí)間都會(huì)影響砂漿的流動(dòng)性。干拌砂漿濕砂漿的流動(dòng)性可在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中，用砂漿稠度儀測(cè)定其稠度值(即沉入量)來表示砂漿的流動(dòng)性。

The fluidity of mortar, also known as consistency, refers to the fluidity under the action of self weight or external force. During construction, the mortar shall be laid on the rough masonry surface, which shall be well paved into a uniform and dense mortar layer, and the plastering mortar shall be well plastered into a uniform thin layer. The spraying construction requires pumping mortar, which requires that the mortar has a certain fluidity. The fluidity of mortar is related to many factors. The amount of cementitious material, water consumption, sand particle size, shape, gradation and mortar mixing time will affect the fluidity of mortar. The fluidity of dry mixed mortar and wet mortar can be expressed by measuring its consistency value (i.e. settlement) with mortar consistency meter in the laboratory.

傳統(tǒng)砂漿流動(dòng)性的選擇與砌體材料及施工天氣情況有關(guān)。對(duì)于多孔吸水的砌體材料和干熱的天氣，則要求砂漿的流動(dòng)性要大些。相反對(duì)于密實(shí)不吸水的材料和濕冷的天氣，可要求流動(dòng)性小些。而擁有良好保水性能的干拌砂漿的流動(dòng)性可基本穩(wěn)定在一個(gè)相對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的稠度范圍。

The choice of traditional mortar fluidity is related to masonry materials and construction weather. For porous and absorbent masonry materials and dry and hot weather, the fluidity of mortar is required to be greater. On the contrary, for dense non absorbent materials and wet and cold weather, less fluidity can be required. The fluidity of dry mixed mortar with good water retention performance can be basically stable in a relatively standard consistency range.